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Enforcement timeline
Chronologically-ordered enforcement actions linked to the instruments and topics tracked in the Policy Window catalog. Closed cases sort by their resolution year; ongoing cases sort by initiation. Each entry links to the catalog topics + the catalog instruments the case touches, and (where possible) to the best-available primary source for the action.
13 catalogued cases total · 1 match the current filter (year = 2023; topic = Foundation Models / GPAI; instrument = NIST AI Risk Management Framework) clear all.
Filters
Cases (1)
- Ongoing
- Open arrow = ongoing (no resolution year yet)
- Ongoing
2023 → ongoing · US
FTC investigation of OpenAI
Enforcer: Federal Trade Commission
Target: OpenAI
Violation alleged: Civil Investigative Demand alleging consumer-protection violations: misleading claims about ChatGPT capabilities, training-data privacy, and consumer harm from hallucinations.
Lesson: First US federal enforcement action against a frontier-AI developer. Establishes that pre-AI-statute consumer-protection authority (FTC §5) can be applied to AI services — supports the US 'sectoral / ex-post liability' regime (vs EU's ex-ante AIA). Action remains pending; no judgment yet.
Source: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/07/13/ftc-openai-chatgpt-sam-altman-lina-khan/news secondary
Editorial scope
This timeline reflects enforcement cases tracked in the Policy Window catalog. It is not exhaustive; coverage focuses on high-precedent matters relevant to the catalogued instruments (currently 13 cases across EU, US, UK, China, India, Italy, France). The catalog deliberately omits routine regulator letters and ongoing investigations whose materials are not public.
For the inclusion rubric (when a case enters the catalog, what level of source-defensibility is required, how jurisdictional balance is managed), see /wiki/methodology. Cases marked “ongoing” remain editorial-watch items; outcomes get backfilled as the public record settles.