Systemic Risk (AI)
systemic-risk · Risk classification
A regulatory designation indicating that a general-purpose AI model poses risks of significant scale or scope across the EU internal market, triggering Article 55 obligations under the EU AI Act.
Definition and scope
Article 51 of the EU AI Act establishes that a general-purpose AI (GPAI) model has systemic risk when its capabilities equal or exceed those of the most advanced models, evaluated via Annex XIII criteria. Presumption thresholds: ≥10²⁵ FLOPs training compute OR ≥45M EU monthly active users OR designation by the AI Office based on capability indicators. Designation triggers Article 55 obligations: model evaluation including adversarial testing, systemic risk assessment, incident reporting, cybersecurity protection, and energy reporting.
Used by these instruments
- EU AI Act· EU
- G7 Hiroshima AI Process Code of Conduct· G7
- Council of Europe Framework Convention on AI· council_of_europe
Related concepts
- Frontier-Tier AI— A categorical classification of AI models above certain capability or compute thresholds, indicating
- AI Safety Level 3 (ASL-3)— A capability-based risk tier in Anthropic's Responsible Scaling Policy denoting models with the pote
- Designated Systemic-Risk Model— A general-purpose AI model that has been formally designated by the EU AI Office under Article 51(1)
- Compute Threshold (AI Governance)— A regulatory trigger expressed as floating-point operations (FLOPs) consumed during model training,
Appears in topic articles
Editorial note
'Systemic risk' under the EU AIA is distinct from financial-system 'systemic risk' (SIFI/G-SIB regimes). Wiki articles in AI contexts default to the EU AIA usage.
References
Take this further — sign up free
Save, compare, or get alerts when Systemic Risk (AI) changes. Policy Window is the analyst workbench layered on top of this wiki — free for researchers, civil society, and verified policymakers.